The Digital Currency Institute, the People’s Bank of China’s digital currency wing, and the central bank of the United Arab Emirates have joined other Asian monetary regulators in a central bank digital currency project that focuses on cross-border  Payments  Payments One of the bases of mediums of exchange in the modern world, a payment constitutes the transfer of a legal currency or equivalent from one party in exchange for goods or services to another entity. The payments industry has become a fixture of modern commerce, though the players involved and means of exchange have dramatically shifted over time.In particular, a party making a payment is referred to as a payer, with the payee reflecting the individual or entity receiving the payment. Most commonly the basis of exchange involves fiat currency or legal tender, be it in the form of cash, credit or bank transfers, debit, or checks. While typically associated with cash transfers, payments can also be made in anything of perceived value, be it stock or bartering – though this is far more limited today than it has been in the past.The Largest Players in the Payments IndustryFor most individuals, the payments industry is dominated currently by card companies such as Visa or Mastercard, which facilitate the use of credit or debit expenditures. More recently, this industry has seen the rise of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) payments services, which have gained tremendous traction in Europe, the United States, and Asia, among other continents.One of the biggest parameters for payments is timing, which looms as a crucial element for execution. By this metric, consumer demand incentivizes technology that prioritizes the fastest payment execution.This can help explain the preference for debit and credit payments overtaking check or money orders, which in previous decades were much more commonly utilized. A multi-billion-dollar industry, the payments space has seen some of the most innovation and advances in recent years as companies look to push contactless technology with faster execution times. One of the bases of mediums of exchange in the modern world, a payment constitutes the transfer of a legal currency or equivalent from one party in exchange for goods or services to another entity. The payments industry has become a fixture of modern commerce, though the players involved and means of exchange have dramatically shifted over time.In particular, a party making a payment is referred to as a payer, with the payee reflecting the individual or entity receiving the payment. Most commonly the basis of exchange involves fiat currency or legal tender, be it in the form of cash, credit or bank transfers, debit, or checks. While typically associated with cash transfers, payments can also be made in anything of perceived value, be it stock or bartering – though this is far more limited today than it has been in the past.The Largest Players in the Payments IndustryFor most individuals, the payments industry is dominated currently by card companies such as Visa or Mastercard, which facilitate the use of credit or debit expenditures. More recently, this industry has seen the rise of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) payments services, which have gained tremendous traction in Europe, the United States, and Asia, among other continents.One of the biggest parameters for payments is timing, which looms as a crucial element for execution. By this metric, consumer demand incentivizes technology that prioritizes the fastest payment execution.This can help explain the preference for debit and credit payments overtaking check or money orders, which in previous decades were much more commonly utilized. A multi-billion-dollar industry, the payments space has seen some of the most innovation and advances in recent years as companies look to push contactless technology with faster execution times. Read this Term.

The project named multiple CBDC  Bridge  Bridge The bridge or liquidity bridge is an essential component for brokers that are enabling their clients to trade at interbank rates directly via a Prime Broker or a Prime-of-Prime (PoP). While market makers do not require a bridge in order to service its clients, brokers which are sending through orders to a liquidity provider or an electronic execution venue need a bridge to connect their trading platform to the interbank market.Bridges are used extensively in forex trading, specifically for Metatrader, the world’s most popular trading platform. Bridges can be connecting a broker to a prime of prime or to a prime broker. Connectivity providers are delivering solutions mostly oriented towards the most popular platforms in the market – MetaTrader 4 (MT4) and MT5. The component is another crucial part of proper risk mitigation for the brokerage. The Need for Bridges in Retail TradingGiven the rise of the MT4 and MT5 platforms, there has since arose a need for bridge technology. This is due to the fact that Metaquotes, the company behind MT4, only envisaged their platform being used as a purely an interface client broker trading.This means the broker set the quotes, set the spread, and traded against the client. However, the trader actually had no direct access to the wholesale forex market, yet many brokers were unwilling to let go of MT4 in favor of other platforms which already inherently supported access to the market via Electronic Communications Networks (ECN) due to MT4’s huge popularity and thus potential loss of clients. MetaTrader was not designed to communicate with banks or liquidity providers because Metaquotes didn’t implement the FIX protocol (Financial Information Exchange). The FIX protocol is an electronic communications protocol setup in the early 1990’s to provide worldwide exchange of information in real time with respect to the transactions of financial markets and instruments. As a result, software was developed by third parties to enable MetaTrader to connect traders to the interbank. The bridge or liquidity bridge is an essential component for brokers that are enabling their clients to trade at interbank rates directly via a Prime Broker or a Prime-of-Prime (PoP). While market makers do not require a bridge in order to service its clients, brokers which are sending through orders to a liquidity provider or an electronic execution venue need a bridge to connect their trading platform to the interbank market.Bridges are used extensively in forex trading, specifically for Metatrader, the world’s most popular trading platform. Bridges can be connecting a broker to a prime of prime or to a prime broker. Connectivity providers are delivering solutions mostly oriented towards the most popular platforms in the market – MetaTrader 4 (MT4) and MT5. The component is another crucial part of proper risk mitigation for the brokerage. The Need for Bridges in Retail TradingGiven the rise of the MT4 and MT5 platforms, there has since arose a need for bridge technology. This is due to the fact that Metaquotes, the company behind MT4, only envisaged their platform being used as a purely an interface client broker trading.This means the broker set the quotes, set the spread, and traded against the client. However, the trader actually had no direct access to the wholesale forex market, yet many brokers were unwilling to let go of MT4 in favor of other platforms which already inherently supported access to the market via Electronic Communications Networks (ECN) due to MT4’s huge popularity and thus potential loss of clients. MetaTrader was not designed to communicate with banks or liquidity providers because Metaquotes didn’t implement the FIX protocol (Financial Information Exchange). The FIX protocol is an electronic communications protocol setup in the early 1990’s to provide worldwide exchange of information in real time with respect to the transactions of financial markets and instruments. As a result, software was developed by third parties to enable MetaTrader to connect traders to the interbank. Read this Term was initiated by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) and the Bank of Thailand (BoT) and was later joined by the BIS Innovation Hub Centre (BISIH).

The consortium is developing a proof-of-concept (PoC) prototype exploring the capabilities of the distributed ledger technologies (DLT) in real-time cross-border foreign exchange payment-versus-payment transactions. The regulators want the system to work around the clock across multiple jurisdictions.

Additionally, the announcement detailed that the participants will analyze business uses within a cross-border context with both domestic and foreign currencies.

Digital Yuan for Settlement?

Among all the participants in the central bank consortium, the Chinese monetary regulator is the only one piloting its digital currency.

Though Tuesday’s press release did not mention anything of the role of digital yuan in building the cross-border payments system, the Hong Kong regulator was already in talks with the People’s Bank of China to test the CBDC in cross-border payments.

Digital currency has massive potential in changing the current shortcomings of the cross-border payment system, and many central banks are stressing this advantage. The consortium highlighted that the project can improve the inefficiencies, high cost and complex regulatory compliance in cross-border payments.

Furthermore, along with the monetary regulators, many private players are working in the cross-border payments arena. San Francisco-based Ripple has partnered with hundreds of banks and financial institutions around the world to build a massive network for cross-border payments using its infrastructure.