The implications of the EMIR regulations for OTC derivatives raise a number of issues with regard to client retention.
This guest article was written by Akber Datoo and Paul Watkins. Akber Datoo is the founder and managing partner of D2 Legal Technology, Paul Watkins is a consultant for D2 Legal Technology.
As the market moves towards a new model that demands that vanilla OTC interest rate swaps must now be cleared through a Central CounterParty (CCP) – starting April 2016 and becoming standard procedure for major clients in the period up to late 2018 – the implications of the change have been creating waves.
In terms of client protection, the primary aim of EMIR is to provide for the “porting” of client positions and collateral away from a defaulting clearer to a non-defaulter. The secondary aim, where porting is not possible, is to enable assets to be returned to clients upon the clearer’s insolvency, so clients can avoid the lengthy process that enveloped them at Lehmans.
Market Complexity
However, the complexity associated with achieving these aims is significant. Many had expected the regulations mandating OTC clearing to result in the creation of a new profit centre - but now that looks less likely, with the demands of client segregation and portability not only adding cost to trading but also undermining client relationships.
Those that are deciding to stay in the market are becoming more selective about which clients they will do business with. The de-netting of collateral has removed one of the biggest drivers for clearers to increase their client base.
Omnibus Accounts
The gold standard for segregation offered by EMIR, the ISA account, has, according to the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), had minimal take-up. ESMA also comments that another alternative provided by EMIR, that of indirect clearing for OTC products, has not been offered at all. What this means is that the vast majority of business will be done through omnibus accounts, the historical norm for futures business.
The primary goal of EMIR, porting, will only be achieved under an omnibus account if all of the underlying clients can agree on a single back-up clearer, which will normally be unlikely. Upon a default, those clients who are not ported will have their positions liquidated by the CCP, and any excess collateral will be returned direct to the client, if known to the CCP, otherwise to the defaulter’s administrator.
In this latter case, clients will want to be confident that the administrator will promptly make them good - EMIR will have achieved little if most client business ends up being tied up with the administrators, like it was at Lehmans.
Contract Negotiations
With the proposed EMIR 2 Regulation, the requirements are set to become more granular. For the OTC clearers that do decide to stay in the market, there will be close regulatory scrutiny, in particular to monitor any impediments to the take-up of accounts.
The contractual arrangements underpinning the account segregation will be negotiated between client and clearing member. In most cases they will be based on the industry standards - the ISDA/FOA Client Cleared OTC Derivatives Addendum, or the FOA Clearing Module. The terms of these documents are highly complex, and their negotiation is likely to require significant legal advice. Where the clearers provide bespoke contracts instead of using these models, navigating them will be even more difficult, with the following aspects requiring thorough consideration:
Clients will want to ensure the terms are clearly recorded, to make it more likely that the administrators will make them good promptly (without having to take legal advice), and allow them to continue in business - for ultimately the administrators will be the real consumer of the information which is being documented in the client clearing agreement.
Conclusion
There is a large investment being made by clearing houses, clearing members and clients – and the new client cost model has yet to be fully determined, in part because there is no way as yet to predict the level of charges which participants will accept at each link in the clearing chain. The final business model is unlikely to be clear until long after the EMIR provisions are fully implemented.
The uncertainties around OTC client clearing, when taken together with the BCBS/IOSCO requirements on OTC margining, may make the provision of a workable model for swap futures a panacea. For these “futurised” swaps, clients should be able to continue to use their current agreement for futures and options clearing (with a clearer from a broader pool than those who offer OTC clearing), which document how collateral is treated today, with the only changes being to specify how EMIR will impact the clearer’s provision of the omnibus account.
This guest article was written by Akber Datoo and Paul Watkins. Akber Datoo is the founder and managing partner of D2 Legal Technology, Paul Watkins is a consultant for D2 Legal Technology.
As the market moves towards a new model that demands that vanilla OTC interest rate swaps must now be cleared through a Central CounterParty (CCP) – starting April 2016 and becoming standard procedure for major clients in the period up to late 2018 – the implications of the change have been creating waves.
In terms of client protection, the primary aim of EMIR is to provide for the “porting” of client positions and collateral away from a defaulting clearer to a non-defaulter. The secondary aim, where porting is not possible, is to enable assets to be returned to clients upon the clearer’s insolvency, so clients can avoid the lengthy process that enveloped them at Lehmans.
Market Complexity
However, the complexity associated with achieving these aims is significant. Many had expected the regulations mandating OTC clearing to result in the creation of a new profit centre - but now that looks less likely, with the demands of client segregation and portability not only adding cost to trading but also undermining client relationships.
Those that are deciding to stay in the market are becoming more selective about which clients they will do business with. The de-netting of collateral has removed one of the biggest drivers for clearers to increase their client base.
Omnibus Accounts
The gold standard for segregation offered by EMIR, the ISA account, has, according to the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), had minimal take-up. ESMA also comments that another alternative provided by EMIR, that of indirect clearing for OTC products, has not been offered at all. What this means is that the vast majority of business will be done through omnibus accounts, the historical norm for futures business.
The primary goal of EMIR, porting, will only be achieved under an omnibus account if all of the underlying clients can agree on a single back-up clearer, which will normally be unlikely. Upon a default, those clients who are not ported will have their positions liquidated by the CCP, and any excess collateral will be returned direct to the client, if known to the CCP, otherwise to the defaulter’s administrator.
In this latter case, clients will want to be confident that the administrator will promptly make them good - EMIR will have achieved little if most client business ends up being tied up with the administrators, like it was at Lehmans.
Contract Negotiations
With the proposed EMIR 2 Regulation, the requirements are set to become more granular. For the OTC clearers that do decide to stay in the market, there will be close regulatory scrutiny, in particular to monitor any impediments to the take-up of accounts.
The contractual arrangements underpinning the account segregation will be negotiated between client and clearing member. In most cases they will be based on the industry standards - the ISDA/FOA Client Cleared OTC Derivatives Addendum, or the FOA Clearing Module. The terms of these documents are highly complex, and their negotiation is likely to require significant legal advice. Where the clearers provide bespoke contracts instead of using these models, navigating them will be even more difficult, with the following aspects requiring thorough consideration:
Clients will want to ensure the terms are clearly recorded, to make it more likely that the administrators will make them good promptly (without having to take legal advice), and allow them to continue in business - for ultimately the administrators will be the real consumer of the information which is being documented in the client clearing agreement.
Conclusion
There is a large investment being made by clearing houses, clearing members and clients – and the new client cost model has yet to be fully determined, in part because there is no way as yet to predict the level of charges which participants will accept at each link in the clearing chain. The final business model is unlikely to be clear until long after the EMIR provisions are fully implemented.
The uncertainties around OTC client clearing, when taken together with the BCBS/IOSCO requirements on OTC margining, may make the provision of a workable model for swap futures a panacea. For these “futurised” swaps, clients should be able to continue to use their current agreement for futures and options clearing (with a clearer from a broader pool than those who offer OTC clearing), which document how collateral is treated today, with the only changes being to specify how EMIR will impact the clearer’s provision of the omnibus account.
TP ICAP Q1 Revenue Dips 3%, April Rebound Boosts Outlook
Featured Videos
Hannelé De Necker, CEO, IFX Brokers | FMAS:24
Hannelé De Necker, CEO, IFX Brokers | FMAS:24
Hannelé De Necker, CEO, IFX Brokers | FMAS:24
Hannelé De Necker, CEO, IFX Brokers | FMAS:24
1 week to go until FMAS:24 kicks off and we couldn't skip our interviews with some of this year's sponsors 🤩 Starting off strong with Hannelé De Necker, CEO OF IFX Brokers.
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1 week to go until FMAS:24 kicks off and we couldn't skip our interviews with some of this year's sponsors 🤩 Starting off strong with Hannelé De Necker, CEO OF IFX Brokers.
See you there!
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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1 week to go until FMAS:24 kicks off and we couldn't skip our interviews with some of this year's sponsors 🤩 Starting off strong with Hannelé De Necker, CEO OF IFX Brokers.
See you there!
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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1 week to go until FMAS:24 kicks off and we couldn't skip our interviews with some of this year's sponsors 🤩 Starting off strong with Hannelé De Necker, CEO OF IFX Brokers.
See you there!
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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Get ready to mark your calendars for FMAS:24, returning this May! Take a quick glimpse of what awaits at the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa from May 20-22, 2024.
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Get ready to mark your calendars for FMAS:24, returning this May! Take a quick glimpse of what awaits at the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa from May 20-22, 2024.
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Get ready to mark your calendars for FMAS:24, returning this May! Take a quick glimpse of what awaits at the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa from May 20-22, 2024.
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FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
FMAS:24 | Sneak Peak
Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
From May 20-22, 2024, the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa, will be the hub for over 3,500 attendees to engage in unparalleled networking opportunities, learn from over 150 industry-leading speakers, and explore innovations from 120+ exhibitors.
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Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
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Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
From May 20-22, 2024, the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa, will be the hub for over 3,500 attendees to engage in unparalleled networking opportunities, learn from over 150 industry-leading speakers, and explore innovations from 120+ exhibitors.
Secure your free ticket now 🔗 https://events.financemagnates.com/yQx0l?utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=fmas-is-back&utm_medium=video&RefId=FMAS24+Video+Ad+%5B1%5D
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Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
From May 20-22, 2024, the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa, will be the hub for over 3,500 attendees to engage in unparalleled networking opportunities, learn from over 150 industry-leading speakers, and explore innovations from 120+ exhibitors.
Secure your free ticket now 🔗 https://events.financemagnates.com/yQx0l?utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=fmas-is-back&utm_medium=video&RefId=FMAS24+Video+Ad+%5B1%5D
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
From May 20-22, 2024, the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa, will be the hub for over 3,500 attendees to engage in unparalleled networking opportunities, learn from over 150 industry-leading speakers, and explore innovations from 120+ exhibitors.
Secure your free ticket now 🔗 https://events.financemagnates.com/yQx0l?utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=fmas-is-back&utm_medium=video&RefId=FMAS24+Video+Ad+%5B1%5D
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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Here's a sneak peek into the FMAS:24 vibrant atmosphere! Join us at Africa’s premium financial event for a transformative experience that combines the best of finance and technology.
From May 20-22, 2024, the Sandton Convention Centre in Sandton, South Africa, will be the hub for over 3,500 attendees to engage in unparalleled networking opportunities, learn from over 150 industry-leading speakers, and explore innovations from 120+ exhibitors.
Secure your free ticket now 🔗 https://events.financemagnates.com/yQx0l?utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=fmas-is-back&utm_medium=video&RefId=FMAS24+Video+Ad+%5B1%5D
#fmas24 #fmas #fmevents #financeinafrica #traders #investors #affiliates #forexTraders #investmentOpportunities #B2BNetworking #finTech #Innovations #TradingCommunity #BusinessOpportunities #AfricanBusiness #Johannesburg #southafrica
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Follow FMevents across our social media platforms for news, insights, and event updates. Connect with us today:
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Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 | Africa's Premium Financial Event
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Looking to expand your network in #Africa? Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
📣 Stay updated with the latest in finance and trading!
Follow Finance Magnates for news, insights, and event updates across our social media platforms. Connect with us today:
🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/financemagnates/
👍 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/financemagnates/
📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/financemagnates_official
🐦 X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/financemagnates/
📡 RSS Feed: https://www.financemagnates.com/feed/
▶️ Telegram: https://t.me/financemagnatesnews
Don't miss out on our latest videos, interviews, and event coverage.
🔔 Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more!🔔
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Join 3500+ Attendees at FMAS:24 - Africa's Premium Financial Event
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa
Looking to expand your network in #Africa?
Join 3500+ attendees at FMAS:24, where online trading, fintech, payments, and crypto meet! Connect with industry leaders and innovators for an unmatched networking experience.
20-22 MAY 2024
Sandton Convention Center, Sandton, South Africa
Register now to secure your spot: https://bit.ly/3JbUpCK
#fmas #fmas24 #fmevents #networking #finance #africa